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Elk Pics - MuleyMadness.com
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Elk Hunting and Pics
Origination
In the deer family, only moose exceed the size of elk. Originally
inhabitants of the Plains, elk were hunted to dangerously low levels
to feed miners, settlers, and railroad crews. Once numbering 10,000,000,
they were reduced 99% at the start of this century! The State Government
has protected elk since 1927. About 25 elk were brought to Idaho Springs
by train from Wyoming in 1921. They thrived, spending summers in the
High Country and migrating to the warmer foothills when forced down
by heavy snows. These are now part of 200,000 living in Colorado which
boasts the largest elk population of any state or province.
Physical Characteristics
Bulls weigh 700 to 900 pounds, cows a few hundred pounds less. They
stand 5 feet high at the shoulder. Often you can smell them before
you see them as they have a strong musky odor. Shawnee Indians called
the elk Wapiti, meaning white deer, a reference to the sun-bleached
spring coat. Elk have a pale yellowish rump, short tail and dark brown
legs, belly and head. Their sides are gray-brown in winter and reddish-brown
is summer after shedding in June. Males have a shaggy neck mane. Normally
wary of man, elk have a good sense of sight, hearing and smell. Their
maximum life expectancy is about 15 years. The most polygamous members
of the deer family, healthy bulls can have harems of as many as 26
cows. In late August and September their interest in mating is signaled
for about four weeks when they bugle and begin forming harems. This
unique and lovely sound is meant to warn other bulls. Dominance is
established through antler-locking confrontation, visibly more symbolic
than dangerous. Cows can breed at 18 months and produce a single 35
pound white-spotted sorrel calf in June after 8 1/2 months of gestation.
Females do all the rearing for nearly a year. Mother and calf call
to each other with a squealing sound; sometimes there is a sort of
babel as groups of cows and calves assemble. A sharp, loud bark seems
to indicate curiosity or alarm. Bull elk have huge spreading antlers.
By 15 months the first spike antlers are 15" long; each subsequent
set will be longer, heavier and more tined. Largest antlers are found
on elk in the prime of their life, the number of points and size of
beams are influenced by nutrition, genetics and age. The splendor
of antlers determines degree of royalty: six tines on each beam =
a Royal seven points per side = Imperial and rare elk with eight or
more tines per beam are Monarch. Antler weight ranges from about six
pounds to more than 22 pounds for racks of mature animals. Antlers
grow in early spring and are shed during the following winter.
Food/Habitat/Range
In summer the elk diet is mainly grass and forbs; in other seasons
half the diet is browsed from shrubs and trees, particularly aspen.
In summer small groups herd together. They bed down on open hillsides
or in heavy timber during storms and look for north slope forest cover
on hot days.
Predators
Elk are prey for mountain lions, coyotes, loose dogs, and cars.
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